Bowl securing and bowl removing means



April 8, 1969 R. J. GASPARAC ET L 3,437,277

BOWL SECURING AND BOWL REMOVING MEANS Filed May 2, 1966 April 1969 R. J. GASPARAC T AL Sheet '2 r of 2 Filed May 2, 1966 United States Patent 3,437,277 BOWL SECURING AND BOWL REMOVING MEANS Rudolph J. Gasparac, Milwaukee, and Arnold P. Sza Hales Corners, Wis., assignors to Nordberg Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Filed May 2, 1966, Ser. No. 546,860 Int. Cl. B02c 17/08,-17/22, 17/14 US. Cl. 241-207 11 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A gyratory crusher having a head mounted for gyratory movement in a bowl. A bowl liner is removably connected to the bowl by Wedges which can be moved into and out of securing engagement with the bowl liner. In one form, the wedges are moved by bolts each having a head located so that it can be engaged by a power tool and right and left hand threads with one set of threads engaging a wedge and the other set engaging the bowl. In another form, a Belleville spring biases a wedge into contact with the bowl liner and a hydraulically operated piston and cylinder assembly is used to disengage the wedge from the liner. A hydraulic ram is mounted on the bowl and can be actuated to engage and eject the bowl liner from the bowl. Cofi'erdam sections are mounted on the top of the bowl between the wedges to prevent peening of the bowl liner over the top of the bowl during crushing operations.

This invention is in the field of material reduction machines and is concerned, among other things, with an improved gyratory crusher.

An object of this invention is an improved arrangement for moving bowl liner wedging means into and out of supporting engagement with a bowl liner.

Another object is a bowl liner wedging means adapted to the use of a power wrench for moving the wedging means into and out of engagement with the bowl liner.

Another object is a spring means capable of holding wedging means in supporting contact with a bowl liner.

Another object is a hydraulic means for moving springbiased wedging members out of engagement with a bowl liner.

Another object is a hydraulic means to remove a worn bowl liner from the bowl.

Another object is to prevent peening of the bowl liner over the top of the bowl.

Another object is to facilitate removal of a worn bowl liner from the bowl.

Other objects will appear from time to time in the ensuing specification, claims and drawings.

The invention is illustrated more or less diagrammatically in the following drawings in which:

FIGURE 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a gymtory crusher;

FIGURE 2 is a cross-sectional view of another portion of a gyratory crusher on an enlarged scale;

FIGURE 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line 3--3 of FIG. 1;

FIGURE 4 is a partial plan view of the structure of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a modified form of the gyratory crusher of FIGURE 1 with the wedge shown for purposes of illustration; and

FIGURE 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a modified form of bowl liner wedging means.

In FIGURE 1, a portion of a gyratory crusher has been shown generally including the following main parts: A bowl 11, a frusto-conic bowl liner 13, a mantle liner 15 and a feed cone 17. A backing material 18 may be installed between the bowl liner and the bowl. The bowl is provided with a generally cylindrical outer portion 19, which has a threaded exterior, and an inner somewhat frusto-conic portion 21 which rises and terminates in an annular shoulder or ledge 23.

The generally frusto-conical bowl liner 13 has an out wardly extending flange 29 at its upper end. The flange is formed with a plurality of individual helixes 30, each of which is helically disposed to the liner axis and swung on an arc eccentric to the liner axis. The maximum diameter of the outwardly extending flange 29 of the bowl liner (measured at the outermost portions of the helixes) is slightly less than the inside diameter of the annular shoulder or ledge 23 of the bowl 11 so that the liner may be passed through the bowl to the position shown in FIG- URE l. The direction of each of the helixes 30 is such, relative to the direction of rotation of the crusher head, that the bowl liner tends to tighten itself on the crowned faces of the wedge elements 31 during crushing operations.

The bowl liner is held in place by a plurality of wedge elements 31 which rest on and may be slid radially along the annular ledge 23 of the bowl liner. The contacting surface 33 of each wedge element is crowned or arcuate both vertically and horizontally as shown in FIGURES l and 3. Each wedge may be forced radially inwardly and outwardly into and out of engagement with the flange 29 of the bowl liner by means of a headed bolt 35. The bolt has righthand threads 37 along a portion of its length and lefthand threads 39 along the remainder of its length. The righthand threads engage a thrust nut 41 located in a socket 43 formed in the wedge element 31 and the lefthand threads engage a thrust nut 45 located in a socket 47 in a bracket 49 which is secured to an inner wall 51 of the bowl outer portion 19. The left and righthand threads of the bolt may have the same pitch or may have dilferent pitches, as shown in FIGURE 1.

Retaining ring or cofferdam sections 55 are welded or otherwise fastened to the upper surface of the ledge 23, or may be an integral part of the bowl, between the wedge elements 31. The inner vertical faces 57 of the colferdam sections slope downwardly and outwardly to become flush with the inside wall 59 of the ledge 23. The upper portion of each slanted wall extends inwardly sufliciently far to be in proximity to the outermost portions of the individual helixes 30 of the flange 29 of the bowl liner when the bowl liner is positioned in the crusher as shown in FIGURES 1 and 2.

A modified form of the wedge element and wedge element adjusting member is shown in FIGURE 6. In the modified form, each wedge element 65 may be moved to and from a position of supporting contact with the bowl liner flange 29 by means of a spring and piston actuated mechanism 67, which is hydraulically operated. Each mechanism consists of a housing 69 in which is located a series of Belleville spring washers 71 biased against a piston 73 having a piston rod 75 threaded into a wedge element. The spring washers are arranged to bias the piston towards and the wedge element into supporting contact with the flange of the bowl liner. A passage 77 is provided in the wall of the housing for the admission of hydraulic fluid under pressure to act against the piston 73 for the purpose of compressing the Belleville spring washers and moving the wedge element out of contact with the flange of the liner. The flange engaging surface 79 of the wedge element 65 may be crowned both vertically and horizontally in the same manner as the surface 33 of wedge element 31.

FIGURE 5 shows a hydraulically operated jacking mechanism 91 for ejecting a worn bowl liner 13 from the crusher. A plurality of these mechanism may be installed in a crusher. Each mechanism includes a cylinder 93 threaded into the upper part of the frusto-conic portion 21 of a crusher bowl. A piston 95 is located in the cylinder and has a piston rod 97 extending outwardly of the cylinder. A passage 99 is formed at the upper end of the cylinder for connection to a source of pressurized fluid (not shown). When hydraulic fluid under pressure is introduced into the cylinder through this passage, the piston is moved to the position shown in FIGURE 5 in which the piston rod 97 extends outwardly of the cylinder to engage the bowl liner 13. When the piston is in this extended position, it compresses a coil spring 101. Upon release of the fluid pressure, the coil spring 101 will expand and return the piston to the opposite end of the cylinder. The piston rod 97 engages a notched portion 103 of the bowl liner when in its extended position. A portion of the liner at 105 is cut away so as to provide clearance for the threaded cylinder 93. Backing material 18 installed between the bowl and bowl liner is maintained out of contact with the piston rod 97 by means of a dam 107.

The use, operation and function of this invention are as follows:

The function of the wedge elements 31 and 65 is to support the bowl liner 13 in place in the crusher. The maximum outer diameter of the bowl liners outwardly extending flange 29 (measured at the outermost portions of the individual helixes 30) is less than the inside diameter of the annular shoulder of ledge 23 of the frustoconical portion 21 of the bowl. Therefore, the liner 13 can be passed through the bowl by raising it upwardly until the flange 29 passes through the opening formed by the annular shoulder 23. With the liner in this position, the wedges, which are spaced apart around the periphery of the annular ledge of the frusto-conical portion of the bowl, may be moved radially of the bowl into engagement with the undersurface of the flange of the bowl liner.

In the type of wedge biasing means shown in FIGURE 1, the wedge element is moved into supporting contact the liner by turning the bolts 35. Because the portion of each bolt extending through a Wedge element has a righthand thread and the end portion of each bolt engaging a bracket attached to the bowl has a lefthand thread righthand rotation of a bolt will move the bolt away from the bracket and will move the wedge element into contact with the bowl flange. Rotation of a bolt in the opposite direction will move the wedge element out of contact with the bowl liner. It should be understood that when the bowl liner is installed and removed from the crusher, the feed cone 17 is not in place so that access to the head of the bolt is possible. The design of this wedge biasing mechanism permits the use of a power wrench, or other mechanical means, to turn the bolts. Movement of the wedge into contact with the bowl liner during installation does not normally require a large amount of force, but when the liner is ready to be removed, many times it is tightly jammed against the wedges because of the selflocking action of the liner during crushing.

The wedge biasing mechanism of FIGURE 5 is in tended for use in an automated crusher. When it is desired to install or remove a bowl liner, hydraulic fluid under pressure is introduced into the housings 69 through the passages 77 to force the pistons 73 against the Belleville spring washers 71 so as to retract the wedge elements 65. With the wedge elements 65 retracted from contact with the flange 29 of the bowl liner, the bowl liner can be either removed or installed. When the hydraulic fluid pressure is released, the Belleville spring washers will urge the wedges 65 into supporting contact with the outwardly extending flange 29 of the bowl liner to hold the bowl liner in position.

The jacking mechanism 91 shown in FIGURE 5 is intended for use in the automated removal of a worn bowl liner 13. When it is necessary to remove the bowl liner,

the wedge elements, which may be elements 65 of the type shown in FIG. 5 or may be elements of the type 31 shown in FIG. 1, are moved out of supporting contact with the flange of the bowl liner. Hydraulic fluid under pressure is then introduced into the cylinders 93 through the passages 99 so as to move the pistons 95 against the springs 101 and thereby move the piston rods 97 into engagement with the bowl liner 13 to force the bowl liner downwardly and out of the crusher. Upon removal of the bowl liner, hydraulic pressure can be released from the cylinders and the springs 101 will move the pistons and piston rods to their retracted positions to permit the installation of a new bowl liner. If hydraulically moveable wedge elements such as elements 65 are also installed in the crusher, it may be desirable to interconnect the hydraulic circuits leading to passages 77 and 99 so that hydraulic fluid under pressure can not be introduced into the passages 99 until and unless the wedge elements 65 are in their retracted positions.

The wedge elements 31 and 65 are spaced apart around the periphery of the ledge 23 and only occupy a portion of this periphery. During use of the crusher and especially as the liner wears thin, the crushing action has a tendency to peen the flange 29 of the bowl liner over the top of the ledge 23 of the bowl. The wedges prevent this peening action at their points of engagement with the bowl liner flange, but in the spaces between the wedges it is necessary to install coflerdams or retaining rings 55 to engage the flange of the liner and prevent its moving outwardly to overlap the bowl ledge. To prevent jamming of the flange and the retaining rings or cofferdams, the inner vertical walls of the cofferdam sections are provided with a negative rake, i.e., the walls are slanted downwardly and outwardly so that only the upper portions contact the flange of the bowl liner. With this arrangement of the coflerdam walls, removal of the bowl liner is facilitated since it is only necessary to disengage the bowl liner flange from contact with a small portion of each cofferdam.

It will be realized that the various features herein described, shown and claimed may be used separately or together, in various combinations. It will be realized also that the description and drawings are to be taken as in a broad sense illustrative or diagrammatic rather than as a matter of limitation to the particular structures hereof. For example, the securing means may be applied to a wide variety of shapes and sizes of bowl liner.

We claim:

1. In a crusher including a bowl, a head positioned in said bowl and adapted for gyratory movement, a bowl liner removably securable to the bowl, securing members on the bowl adapted to be moved into a securing relationship with the bowl liner, spring means for maintaining a securing thrust of said securing members against the bowl liner, and power means mounted on said crusher for overcoming the spring means and retracting said securing members from securing relationship with the bowl liner.

2. The structure of claim 1 further characterized in that said power means includes a piston and cylinder assembly actuated by hydraulic fluid under pressure.

3. The structure of claim 2 further characterized by the employment of Belleville washers as spring means.

4. The structure of claim 1 characterized by the provision of hydraulic rams for ejecting the bowl liner from the bowl when the securing members have been retracted from securing relationship with the bowl liner.

5. In a crusher including a bowl, a head positioned in said bowl and adapted for gyratory movement, a bowl liner removably securable to the bowl, releasable securing means on the bowl adapted to secure the bowl liner to the bowl, and power means mounted on the bowl operative to eject the bowl liner from the bowl when the securing means are released from engagement with the bowl liner.

6. The structure of claim 5 further characterized in that said power means consist of at least one hydraulic ram and means for actuating each ram.

7. In a crusher including a bowl, a head positioned in said bowl and adapted for gyratory movement, a bowl liner removably securable to the bowl, securing members on the bowl adapted to be moved into and out of a securing relationship with the bowl liner, and screw threaded means threadably engaging said bowl and said securing means to move said securing means into and out of a securing relationship with the bowl liner.

8. The structure of claim 7 further characterized in that said threaded means for moving a securing member includes a headed bolt having right hand threads along a first portion of its length and left hand threads along a second portion of its length with a portion of the threads engaging the bowl and a portion of the threads engaging the securing member so that rotation of the bolt in one direction will move said securing member into a securing relationship with said bowl liner and rotation of said bolt in the opposite direction will move said securing member out of a securing relationship with said bowl liner.

9. The structure of claim 8 further characterized in that said head is located at one end of the bolt, said bolt extends through said securing member with the head positioned on the side of said securing member away from said bowl and the opposite end of the bolt is in threaded engagement with said bowl.

10. In a crusher including a bowl, a head positioned in said bowl and adapted for gyratory movement, a bowl liner removably securable to the bowl, a plurality of securing members on the bowl adapted to be moved into securing relationship with the bowl liner, said securing members being spaced from each other around the periphery of the bowl, means for moving the securing members into securing relationship with the bowl liner, and cofferdam sections mounted on the bowl between said securing members, said cofferdam sections being secured to the bowl and arranged to prevent peening of the bowl liner over the top of the bowl.

11. The structure of claim 10 further characterized in that the coiferdam sections have downwardly and outwardly inclined inner faces with the lower portions thereof merging into the inner face of the bowl.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,090,449 8/1937 Knudtzen 241299 2,582,734 1/1952 Adams 241-300 X 3,235,190 2/1966 Symons 241299 3,312,404 4/ 1967 Allen 241-215 W. GRAYDON ABERCROMBIE, Primary Examiner.

U.S. Cl. X.R. 

